我國是世界上最早發(fā)現(xiàn)、栽培、利用茶葉的國家。據(jù)歷史資料考證，茶樹起源于中國，早在5000多年前，我們的祖先就發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶有解毒的功效。中國是茶的故鄉(xiāng)，經(jīng)過漫長的歷史跋涉，現(xiàn)在茶已經(jīng)在全世界扎下了根，茶葉已經(jīng)成為風(fēng)靡世界的三大無酒精飲料之一。作為茶的發(fā)源地，每個中國人都感到自豪。
China is the first country in the world to discover, cultivate and utilize tea. According to historical data, tea originated in China, as early as 5000 years ago, our ancestors found that tea has detoxification effect.China is the home of tea. After a long historical journey, tea has taken root all over the world. Tea has become one of the three most popular non-alcoholic beverages in the world. As the birthplace of tea, every Chinese is proud of it.
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今天與大家分享中國茶簡史。
Today I would like to share with you a brief history of Chinese tea.
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Three stages of tea utilization?
1、藥用
發(fā)現(xiàn)和利用茶可以追溯到原始時期，我國第一步藥物專著《神農(nóng)本草》中就有“神農(nóng)氏嘗百草“，日遇七十二毒，得荼而解之?！辈枳鏊幱茫纼?nèi)服，清熱，外敷消炎解毒。
1、 medicinal
The discovery and utilization of tea can be traced back to the primitive period. In the first drug monograph Shennong Materia Medica in China, "Shennong Tastes Hundred Grasses", which encounters seventy-two poisons every day, is completely relieved. Tea for medicinal purposes, raw chewing, oral administration, heat clearing, external application anti-inflammatory detoxification.?
2、食用
從生嚼到煮食，茶葉可以和糧食一起煮“茶粥”，“羹印”，或者灼煮，撈起，加調(diào)料。今云南基諾族仍有“涼拌茶菜”。
2、edible
From chewing to cooking, tea can be cooked together with grain "porridge", "seals", or boiled, picked up and seasoned. There are still "cold tea dishes" among Jinuo people in Yunnan today.?
3、飲用
飲用源于食用，從食用到飲用，是出于對茶之本味的追求?，F(xiàn)代仍然有食用茶的風(fēng)俗，牧區(qū)將茶摻入牛奶共飲，少數(shù)民族地區(qū)有擂茶和打油茶。
3、 drinking
Drinking comes from eating, from eating to drinking, is out of the pursuit of the original taste of tea. There is still a custom of eating tea in modern times. Tea is mixed with milk in pastoral areas, and tea rolling and Camellia beating are common in ethnic minority areas.
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The Change of Tea Drinking Style?
1、唐代煮茶法
煮茶前，先把茶葉碾碎，燒開水后將調(diào)料放入，再將茶粉撒入鍋內(nèi)。飲用時，趁熱將茶渣和茶湯一起一起喝下去，謂之“吃茶”。
唐人煮茶一度喜歡往茶湯里添加調(diào)味料，如鹽、蔥、姜或橘皮等等，中唐時陸羽極力反對這一煮茶的方式，煮茶的時候最多加一點鹽調(diào)味。此后唐人飲茶開始提倡茶湯的原味，為茶道之興奠定基礎(chǔ)。
1. The tea brewing method in the Tang Dynasty.
Before boiling tea, crush the tea, boil the water, put the seasoning in, and then sprinkle the tea powder into the pot. When drinking, take advantage of the heat to drink tea residue and tea soup together, which is called "eating tea".
At one time, Tang people liked to add spices to tea soup, such as salt, onion, ginger or orange peel, etc. In the mid-Tang Dynasty, Lu Yu strongly opposed this method of tea boiling, adding at most a little salt to flavor tea boiling. Since then, Tang people began to advocate the original taste of tea soup, which laid the foundation for the prosperity of tea ceremony.?
2、宋代點茶法
宋代的飲茶方式上升到了審美的高度，到達了極致。他們在茶餅上裝飾了很多龍鳳的花紋，十分精致，叫做“龍鳳團茶”。
喝茶時，先將餅茶碾成細細的粉末，用沸水沖點茶。為了使茶末與水融為一體，用茶筅快速擊打，茶水充分交融，并使茶盞中出現(xiàn)大量白色茶沫。日本的抹茶道就是起源于此。
2. Tea method in Song Dynasty
The way of drinking tea in Song Dynasty rose to the height of aesthetics and reached the acme. They decorated the tea cake with many patterns of dragons and phoenixes, which are very delicate, called "Dragon and Phoenix Tea".
When drinking tea, first crush the cake tea into fine powder, then pour some tea with boiling water. In order to make the tea powder and water merge into one, the tea is beaten quickly with the tea tape, the tea is fully blended, and a large number of white tea foam appears in the tea calendar. This is where the Japanese tea ceremony originated.?
3、明代泡茶法
到了明代，制茶法和飲茶法一再簡化。朱元璋大力推廣散茶導(dǎo)致了茶類的異化，以前只有綠茶，后來慢慢又出現(xiàn)了別的茶類。明朝人認為這種飲法“簡便異常，天趣悉備，可謂盡茶之真味矣”。
茶葉沖泡的方法也延續(xù)到了今天，泡茶不加任何調(diào)味料，喝的是茶的原味、真味，同時泡茶所用的茶具和方法也簡化了很多，更利于茶文化的傳播。
3, the Ming Dynasty tea brewing method
In the Ming Dynasty, tea-making and drinking methods were simplified again and again. Zhu Yuanzhang's vigorous promotion of loose tea led to the alienation of tea, which used to be only green tea, but later slowly appeared other kinds of tea. People in the Ming Dynasty believed that this drinking method was "simple and unusual, full of interest in the sky, which could be said to be the true taste of tea."
The method of tea brewing has also continued to this day. Tea brewing does not add any condiments, but drinks the original taste and true taste of tea. At the same time, the tea utensils and methods used in tea brewing have been simplified a lot, which is more conducive to the spread of tea culture.
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Records of the Great Events of Tea in Successive Dynasties?
1、神農(nóng)時代
5000年以前，神農(nóng)時代利用生葉煮著喝，把茶葉拿來當(dāng)藥用。
1. Shennong Era
Five thousand years ago, the Shennong era used raw leaves to boil and drink, and used tea as medicine.?
2、西周、東周
3000以前，開始人工栽培茶樹，當(dāng)菜食。
2. Western Zhou Dynasty and Eastern Zhou Dynasty
Before 3000, tea trees were cultivated artificially as food.?
3、秦代
2300年以前，開始當(dāng)茗飲，調(diào)煮，羹飲。
3. Qin Dynasty
Two hundred and thirty years ago, they began to drink, cook and sip.?
4、漢代
西漢：2000年以前，開始商業(yè)化，成都成為我國茶葉最早的集散中心。
東漢：1500年左右，開始制作茶餅，以便運輸。
4. Han Dynasty
Western Han Dynasty: Before 2000, Chengdu became the earliest tea distribution center in China.
Eastern Han Dynasty: About 1500, tea cakes were made for transportation.?
5、唐代
1200年以前，受唐代經(jīng)濟、文化的影響，陸羽《茶經(jīng)》的倡導(dǎo)，唐代飲茶文化盛行。
5, the Tang Dynasty
Before 1200, influenced by the economy and culture of the Tang Dynasty, tea drinking culture prevailed in the Tang Dynasty with the advocacy of Lu Yu's Tea Classic.?
6、宋代
1000年以前，泡茶技藝的改進，水質(zhì)的講究，斗茶成了一種風(fēng)潮。
6. Song Dynasty
1000 years ago, with the improvement of tea-making skills and water quality, tea fighting became a trend.?
7、元代
700年以前，開始出現(xiàn)散茶。民間則以散茶為主，餅茶主要為皇室宮廷所用。開始出現(xiàn)泡茶方式，即用沸水直接沖泡茶葉。為明代散茶的興起奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
7, Yuan Dynasty
700 years ago, loose tea began to appear. Folk tea is mainly scattered tea, cake tea is mainly used by the Royal court. Tea-making began to appear, that is, tea was brewed directly with boiling water. It laid the foundation for the rise of Sancha in Ming Dynasty.?
8、明代
600年以前，朱元璋廢團改散，黃茶、黑茶和花茶的工藝相繼形成。
8, Ming Dynasty
600 years ago, Zhu Yuanzhang's waste group was dispersed, and the processes of yellow tea, black tea and scented tea were formed one after another.?
9、清代
300年以前，中國茶風(fēng)靡世界，獨步世界茶市，當(dāng)時出口茶葉的只有中國，工藝以烘青和炒青為主，制作了烏龍茶、紅茶、黑茶、花茶、綠茶、白茶。
9. Qing Dynasty
Three hundred years ago, Chinese tea was popular all over the world, walking alone in the world tea market. At that time, only China exported tea. The main technology was roasting green and stir-fried green. Oolong tea, black tea, scented tea, green tea and white tea were produced.?
10、近代
近代吳覺農(nóng)茶圣挽救亂世中的茶業(yè)
1920年吳天禮創(chuàng)立義和茶行
1940年云南創(chuàng)建勐海茶廠
1950年代開始以鄒炳良和盧國齡為代表的茶人畢生為普洱茶產(chǎn)業(yè)默默耕耘
10. Modern times
Modern Wu Jue-nong Tea Sage Rescue Tea Industry in Chaotic Times
Wu Tianli founded Yihe Tea Shop in 1920
Establishment of Menghai Tea Factory in Yunnan in 1940
Since 1950s, tea workers represented by Zou Bingliang and Lu Guoling have been working silently for Pu'er tea industry all their lives.
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茶經(jīng)歷了從藥用到食用到飲用，又經(jīng)歷了從煮茶到點茶到泡茶，歷朝歷代不斷發(fā)展演變。
歷經(jīng)千年，茶已經(jīng)滲透到中國人生活的各個層面。對中國人而言，茶不僅是一種飲料，更多的是一種精神寄托。
Tea has experienced from medicinal to edible to drinking, and from boiling tea to ordering tea to making tea, which has been developing and evolving in successive dynasties.
After thousands of years, tea has penetrated into every aspect of Chinese life. For Chinese, tea is not only a drink, but also a spiritual sustenance.
以上部分內(nèi)容來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)分享
Part of the above is from online sharing.
今天，您喝茶了嗎？
Did you have tea today?
茶
茶是好東西，更何況是每天聆聽音樂3萬秒的快樂普洱！
Tea is a good thing, not to mention the joy of Pu er, which is listening to music for 30 thousand seconds everyday.
